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Botanical Glossary SCIENTIFIC NAMES OF FOODPLANTS MENTIONED IN THE SPECIES TEXTS
agrimony - Agrimonia spp. Alder - Alnus glutinosa Alder Buckthorn - Frangula alnus Alder, Grey - Alnus incana Almond - Prunus dulcis Angelica - Angelica sylvestris apple - Malus spp. Apricot - Prunus armeniaca Ash - Fraxinus excelsior Aspen - Populus tremula Barren Strawberry - Potentilla sterilis Bastard Toadflax - Thesium humifusum Bay - Laurus nobilis Bearberry - Arctostaphylos uva-ursi bedstraws - Galium spp. Beech - Fagus sylvatica Bell Heather - Erica cinerea Betony - Betonica officinalis Bilberry - Vaccinium myrtillus Bindweed - Convolvulus arvensis birch - Betula species Bird’s-foot trefoil - Lotus corniculatus Bird-cherry - Prunus padus Bittersweet - Solanum dulcamara Black Bindweed - Fallopia convolvulus Black Horehound - Ballota nigra Black Mullein - Verbascum nigrum Black Poplar - Populus nigra Blackberry - Rubus fruticosus agg. Blackcurrant - Ribes nigrum Blackthorn - Prunus spinosa Bladder Campion - Silene vulgaris Bluebell - Endymion non-scriptus Bog Stitchwort - Stellaria alsine Bog-myrtle - Myrica gale Bracken - Pteridium aquilinum Bramble - Rubus fruticosus agg. Bristly Ox-tongue - Picris echioides Broad-leaved Dock - Rumex obtusifolius Broad-leaved Willow-herb - Epilobium montanum Broom - Cytisus (= Sarothamnus) scoparius Brussels Sprouts - Brassica oleracea (variety) Buckthorn - Rhamnus catharticus Bugle - Ajuga reptans Burdock, Great - Arctium lappa Burnet Saxifrage - Pimpinella saxifraga burnets - Sanguisorba spp. bur-reeds - Sparganium spp. Butterbur - Petasites hybridus Cabbage - Brassica oleracea Calamint - Calamintha spp. campions - Silene spp. Canary Grass - Phalaris canariensis Carline Thistle - Carlina vulgaris Carnation Grass - Carex flacca carnations - Dianthus spp. Cat’s-ear - Hypochaeris radicata Cauliflower - Brassica oleracea (variety) Chamomile - Matricaria recutita Cherry Plum - Prunus cerasifera Chervil - Chaerophyllum temulentum chickweeds - Cerastium spp. cinquefoils - Potentilla spp. Cleavers - Galium aparine Cloudberry - Rubus chamaemorus clovers - Trifolium spp. club rushes - Scirpus spp. Clustered Bellflower - Campanula glomerata Cock’s-foot Grass - Dactylis glomerata Coltsfoot - Tussilago farfara Common Centaury - Centaurium pulchellum Common Club Rush - Schoenoplectus(= Scirpus) lacustris Common Couch Grass - Agropyron repens Common Cow-wheat - Melampyrum pratense Common Fleabane - Pulicaria dysenterica Common Gromwell - Lithospermum officinale Common Hawthorn - Crataegus monogyna Common Lime - Tilia X - europaea Common Melilot - Melilotus officinalis Common Milkwort - Polygala vulgaris Common Orache - Atriplex patula Common Osier - Salix viminalis Common Ragwort - Senecio jacobaea Common Rock Rose - Helianthemum nummularium Common Sallow - Salix cinerea Common Skullcap - Scutellaria galericulata Common Sorrel - Rumex acetosa Common Spike-rush - Eleocharis palustris Common Toadflax - Linaria vulgaris Common Tormentil - Potentilla erecta Common Valerian - Valeriana officinalis Conglomerate Rush - Juncus subuliflorus Corn Mint - Mentha arvensis Corsican Pine - Pinus nigra var - . maritima Cotton Grass - Eriophorum angustifolium Cow Parsley - Anthriscus sylvestris Cowslip - Primula veris Crab Apple - Malus sylvestris Crack Willow - Salix fragilis Creeping Thistle - Cirsium arvense Creeping Thyme - Thymus praecox Cross-leaved Heath - Erica tetralix Curled Dock - Rumex crispus Dame’s Violet - Hesperis matronalis Damson - Prunus interstita Dandelion - Taraxacum officinale agg. Dark Mullein - Verbascum nigrum Deadly Nightshade - Solanum nigra Devil’s-bit Scabious - Succisa pratensis Dewberry - Rubus caesus docks - Rumex spp. Dog Rose - Rosa canina Dog Violet - Viola canina Dogwood - Cornus sanguinea Domestic Apple - Malus domesticus Downy Birch - Betula pubescens Dropwort - Filipendula vulgaris duckweeds - Lemna spp. Dwarf Gorse - Ulex minor Dyer’s Greenweed - Genista tinctoria Eared Sallow - Salix aurita Elder - Sambucus nigra elm - Ulmus spp. Enchanter’s Nightshade - Circaea lutetiana English Elm - Ulmus procera English Oak - Quercus robur False-brome - Brachypodium sylvaticum fescues - Festuca spp. Field Bindweed - Calystegia sepium Field Maple - Acer campestre Field Milk-thistle - Sonchus arvensis Field Mouse-ear Chickweed - Cerastium arvense Field Scabious - Knautia arvensis Field Southernwood - Artemisia campestris Field Speedwell - Veronica officinalis Field Woodrush - Luzula campestris fir - Abies sp. Fleabane - Pulicaria dysenterica Fool’s Watercress - Apium nodiflorum Foxglove - Digitalis purpurea French Bean - Phaseolus vulgaris Gallingale - Cyperus longus Garden Barberry - Berberis vulgaris Garden Blackcurrant - Ribes nigrum Garden Hollyhock - Alcea rosea Garden Lettuce - Lactuca sativa Garden Mint - Mentha spicata Gentian - Gentiana spp. Germander Speedwell - Veronica chamaedrys Giant Bellflower - Campanula latifolia Gipsy-wort - Lycopus europeus Goat Willow - Salix caprea Golden Rod - Solidago virgaurea Golden Samphire - Inula crithmoides Gooseberry - Ribes uva-crispa goosefoots - Chenopodium spp. Gorse - Ulex europaeus Great Burdock - Arctium lappa Great Lettuce - Lactuca virosa Great Mullein - Verbascum thapsus Great Pond-sedge - Carex riparia Great Sallow - Salix caprea Great Willow-herb - Epilobium hirsutum Greater Bindweed - Calystegia sepium Greater Bird’s-foot Trefoil - Lotus uliginosus Greater Knapweed - Centaurea scabiosa Greater Reedmace - Typha latifolia Greater Stitchwort - Stellaria holostea Grey Alder - Alnus incana Grey Poplar - Populus canescens Grey Willow - Salix cinerea Ground Elder - Aegopodium podagraria Ground Ivy - Glechoma hederacea Groundsel - Senecio vulgaris Guelder Rose - Viburnum opulus Hairy Violet - Viola hirta Hairy Willow-herb - Epilobium hirsutum Hard Rush - Juncus inflexus Hardheads - Centaurea nigra Hart’s-tongue Fern - Phyllitis scolopendrium hawk’s-beards - Crepis spp. Hawkweed Ox-tongue - Picris hieracioides hawkweeds - Hieracium spp. hawthorn - Crataegus species Hazel - Corylus avellana Heath - Erica sp. Heath Milkwort - Polygala serpyllifolia Heather - Calluna vulgaris Hedge Garlic - Alliaria petiolata Hedge Woundwort - Stachys sylvatica Hemlock - Conium maculatum Hemp Agrimony - Eupatorium cannabinum hemp-nettles - Galeopsis spp. Herb Bennet - Geum urbanum Himalayan Honeysuckle - Leycesteria formosa Hoary Pepperwort - Cardaria draba Hoary Rock Rose - Helianthemum oelandicum Hogweed - Heracleum sphondylium Holly - Ilex aquifolium Holm Oak - Quercus ilex Honeysuckle - Lonicera periclymenum Hop - Humulus lupulus Hornbeam - Carpinus betulus Horse Chestnut - Aesculus hippocastanum Horse-shoe Vetch - Hippocrepis comosa Ice Plant - Sedum spectabile Iris - Iris spp. Italian Alder - Alnus cordata Ivy - Hedera helix Jointed Rush - Juncus articulatus Juniper - Juniperus communis Kidney Vetch - Anthyllis vulneraria knapweeds - Centaurea spp. Laburnum - Laburnum anagyroides Lady’s Smock - Cardamine Pratensis Larch - Larix decidua Large Bird’s-foot trefoil - Lotus uliginosus Lawson’s Cypress - Chamaecyparis lawsoniana Lawson’s Cypress - Chamaecyparis lawsonii Leek - Allium ampeloprasum Lemon Geranium - Pelargonium crispum Lesser Knapweed - Centaurea nigra Lesser Pond Sedge - Carex acutiformis Lesser Reedmace - Typha angustifolia Lesser Skull-cap - Scutellaria minor Lesser Stitchwort - Stellaria graminea Leyland Cypress - Chamaecyparis leylandii Lilac - Syringa vulgaris lime - Tilia spp. Lime, Street - Tilia X - europaea Loganberry - Rubus X - loganbaccus Lombardy Poplar - Populus nigra - italica Lousewort - Pedicularis sylvatica Lupin - Lupinus polyphyllus Male Fern - Dryopteris filix-mas Mallow - Malva spp. marigold - Calendula sp. Marjoram - Origanum vulgare Marsh Thistle - Cirsium palustre Marsh Valerian - Valeriana dioica Marsh Woundwort - Stachys palustris Meadow Vetchling - Lathyrus pratensis Meadowsweet - Filipendula ulmaria melilots - Melilotus spp. Midland Hawthorn - Crataegus laevigata Mint, Corn - Mentha arvensis Mint, Garden - Mentha spicata Mint, Water - Mentha aquatica mints - Mentha spp. Monkshood - Aconitum nepellum Mouse-ear Hawkweed - Hieracium pilosella mouse-ears - Cerastium spp. Mugwort - Artemisia vulgare Mullein, Common - Verbascum thapsus Mullein, Dark - Verbascum nigrum Mullein, Great - Verbascum thapsus Mung Bean - Phaseolus aureus Musk Thistle - Carduus nutans Nettle-leaved Bellflower - Campanula trachelium Norway Maple - Acer platanoides Norway Spruce - Picea abies Nottingham Catchfly - Silene nutans oak - Quercus species oraches - Atriplex spp. Orange Balsam - Impatiens capensis3 ornamental cherry - Prunus sp. Orpine - Sedum telephium Osier - Salix viminalis Ox-eye Daisy - Leucanthemum vulgare Oxford Ragwort - Senecio squalida pea - Pisum sativum Pear - Pyrus communis Perennial Sow-thistle - Sonchus arvensis Perforate St John’s-wort - Hypericum perforatum Petty Whin - Genista anglica Pignut - Conopodium majus pine - Pinus spp. plantains - Plantago spp. Ploughman’s Spikenard - Inula conyza Plum - Prunus domesticus Pomegranate - Punica granatum poplar - Populus species Poplar, Grey - Populus canescens Prickly Lettuce - Lactuca serriola privet - Ligustrum spp. Purple Toadflax - Linaria purpurea quince - Cydonia spp. Ragwort, Common - Senecio jacobaea Ragwort, Oxford - Senecio squalida Raspberry - Rubus idaeus Rat-tail Plantain - Plantago major Red Bartsia - Odontites verna Red Campion - Silene dioica Red Centaury - Centaurium erythraea Red Clover - Trifolium pratense Red Valerian - Centranthus ruber Redcurrant - Ribes rubrum Reed - Phragmites australis Reed Canary-grass - Phalaris canariensis Reed Sweet-grass - Glyceria maxima Reed-grass - Phalaris arundinacea restharrow - Ononis spp. Ribbon Grass - Phalaris arundinacea Ribwort Plantain - Plantago lanceolata rock rose - Helianthemum spp. rose - Rosa spp. Rosebay Willow-herb - Chamaenerion angustifolium Rough Chervil - Chaerophyllum temulentum Rough Meadow Grass - Poa trivialis Rowan - Sorbus aucupariae Rugose Rose - Rosa rugosa rushes - Juncus spp. Sallow, Common - Salix cinerea sallows round-leaved species of - Salix Saw Sedge - Cladium mariscus Saw-wort - Serratula tinctoria Scabious, Devil’s-bit - Succisa pratensis Scabious, Small - Scabiosa columbaria Scentless Mayweed - Tripleurospermum inodorum Scots Pine - Pinus sylvestris Sea Campion - Silene maritima Sea Lavender - Limonium vulgare Sea Rocket - Cakile maritima Sea Wormwood - Artemisia maritima sedges - Carex spp. Sessile Oak - Quercus petraea Sharp-flowered Rush - Juncus acutiflorus Sheep’s Sorrel - Rumex acetosella Shepherd’s-purse - Capsella bursa-pastoris Silver Birch - Betula pendula Silver Fir - Abies alba Sitka Spruce - Picea sitchensis Skullcap, Common - Scutellaria galericulata Slender Bird’s-foot trefoil - Lotus tenuis Sloe - Prunus spinosa Small Balsam - Impatiens parviflora Small Scabious - Scabiosa columbaria Sneezewort - Achillea ptarmica Snowberry - Symphoricarpos rivularis Soft Rush - Juncus effusus sorrel - Rumex spp. Sour Cherry - Prunus cerasus Sow Thistle - Sonchus species Spear Thistle - Cirsium vulgare Spearmint - Mentha spicata Spinach - Spinacia oleracea Spindle - Euonymus europaeus Spiny Restharrow - Ononis spinosa spruce - Picea spp. Square-stemmed Willow-herb - Epilobium tetragonum St John’s-wort - Hypericum spp. Stinging Nettle - Urtica dioica Stinking Mayweed - Anthemis cotula stitchworts - Stellaria spp. stonecrops - Sedum spp - . Strawberry - Fragaria vesca Strawberry, Barren - Potentilla sterilis Street Lime - Tilia X - platyphyllos Striped Ribbon Grass - Phalaris arundinacea Sweet Chestnut - Castanea sativa Sweet Vernal Grass - Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet William - Dianthus barbatus Sycamore - Acer pseudoplatanus Tall Fescue - Festuca arundinacea Tamarisk - Tamarix gallica Tansy - Chrysanthemum vulgare Teasel - Dipsacus fullonum thistles - Cirsium spp. Thrift - Armeria maritima Thyme, Wild - Thymus drucei Tomato - Lycopersicum esculentum Tormentil, Common - Potentilla erecta Travellers Joy - Clematis vitalba Tree Mallow - Lavatera arborea Tufted Hair-grass - Deschampsia cespitosa Upright Brome - Bromus erectus vetches - Viccia spp. water dropworts - Oenanthe spp. Water Mint - Mentha aquatica Wayfaring Tree - Viburnum lantana Weeping Willow - Salix babylonica White Bryony - Bryonia dioica White Campion - Silene alba White clover - Trifolium repens White Horehound - Marrubium vulgare White Mullein - Verbascum thapsus White Poplar - Populus alba White Willow - Salix alba Whitebeam - Sorbus aria Whitebeam - Sorbus aria Wild Angelica - Angelica sylvestris Wild Basil - Clinopodium vulgare Wild Carrot - Daucus carota Wild Cherry - Prunus avium Wild Currant - Ribes sp. Wild Honeysuckle - Lonicera periclymenum Wild Parsnip - Pastinaca sativa Wild Service - Sorbus torminalis Wild Thyme - Thymus drucei willows long-leaved species of - Salix Winter Cress - Barbarea vulgaris Wood Meadow-grass - Poa nemoralis Wood Sage - Teucrium scorodonia Wood Small-reed - Calamagrostis epigejos Wood Spurge - Euphorbia amygdaloides woodrush - Luzula spp. Woody Nightshade - Solanum dulcamara Wormwood - Artemisia absinthium woundworts - Stachys spp. Wych Elm - Ulmus glabra Yarrow - Achillea millefolium Yellow Water-lily - Nuphar lutea Yellow-rattle - Rhinanthus minor Yellow-wort - Blackstonia perforata
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