Botanical Glossary


SCIENTIFIC NAMES OF FOODPLANTS MENTIONED IN THE SPECIES TEXTS

agrimony - Agrimonia spp.
Alder - Alnus glutinosa
Alder Buckthorn - Frangula alnus
Alder, Grey - Alnus incana
Almond - Prunus dulcis
Angelica - Angelica sylvestris
apple - Malus spp.
Apricot - Prunus armeniaca
Ash - Fraxinus excelsior
Aspen - Populus tremula
Barren Strawberry - Potentilla sterilis
Bastard Toadflax - Thesium humifusum
Bay - Laurus nobilis
Bearberry - Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
bedstraws - Galium spp.
Beech - Fagus sylvatica
Bell Heather - Erica cinerea
Betony - Betonica officinalis
Bilberry - Vaccinium myrtillus
Bindweed - Convolvulus arvensis
birch - Betula species
Bird’s-foot trefoil - Lotus corniculatus
Bird-cherry - Prunus padus
Bittersweet - Solanum dulcamara
Black Bindweed - Fallopia convolvulus
Black Horehound - Ballota nigra
Black Mullein - Verbascum nigrum
Black Poplar - Populus nigra
Blackberry - Rubus fruticosus agg.
Blackcurrant - Ribes nigrum
Blackthorn - Prunus spinosa
Bladder Campion - Silene vulgaris
Bluebell - Endymion non-scriptus
Bog Stitchwort - Stellaria alsine
Bog-myrtle - Myrica gale
Bracken - Pteridium aquilinum
Bramble - Rubus fruticosus agg.
Bristly Ox-tongue - Picris echioides
Broad-leaved Dock - Rumex obtusifolius
Broad-leaved Willow-herb - Epilobium montanum
Broom - Cytisus (= Sarothamnus) scoparius
Brussels Sprouts - Brassica oleracea (variety)
Buckthorn - Rhamnus catharticus
Bugle - Ajuga reptans
Burdock, Great - Arctium lappa
Burnet Saxifrage - Pimpinella saxifraga
burnets - Sanguisorba spp.
bur-reeds - Sparganium  spp.
Butterbur - Petasites hybridus
Cabbage - Brassica oleracea
Calamint - Calamintha spp.
campions - Silene spp.
Canary Grass - Phalaris canariensis
Carline Thistle - Carlina vulgaris
Carnation Grass - Carex flacca
carnations - Dianthus spp.
Cat’s-ear - Hypochaeris radicata
Cauliflower - Brassica oleracea (variety)
Chamomile - Matricaria recutita
Cherry Plum - Prunus cerasifera
Chervil - Chaerophyllum temulentum
chickweeds - Cerastium spp.
cinquefoils - Potentilla spp.
Cleavers - Galium aparine
Cloudberry - Rubus chamaemorus
clovers - Trifolium spp.
club rushes - Scirpus spp.
Clustered Bellflower - Campanula glomerata
Cock’s-foot Grass - Dactylis glomerata
Coltsfoot - Tussilago farfara
Common Centaury - Centaurium pulchellum
Common Club Rush - Schoenoplectus(= Scirpus) lacustris
Common Couch Grass - Agropyron repens
Common Cow-wheat - Melampyrum pratense
Common Fleabane - Pulicaria dysenterica
Common Gromwell - Lithospermum officinale
Common Hawthorn - Crataegus monogyna
Common Lime - Tilia X - europaea
Common Melilot - Melilotus officinalis
Common Milkwort - Polygala vulgaris
Common Orache - Atriplex patula
Common Osier - Salix viminalis
Common Ragwort - Senecio jacobaea
Common Rock Rose - Helianthemum nummularium
Common Sallow - Salix cinerea
Common Skullcap - Scutellaria galericulata
Common Sorrel - Rumex acetosa
Common Spike-rush - Eleocharis palustris
Common Toadflax - Linaria vulgaris
Common Tormentil - Potentilla erecta
Common Valerian - Valeriana officinalis
Conglomerate Rush - Juncus subuliflorus
Corn Mint - Mentha arvensis
Corsican Pine - Pinus nigra var - . maritima
Cotton Grass - Eriophorum angustifolium
Cow Parsley - Anthriscus sylvestris
Cowslip - Primula veris
Crab Apple - Malus sylvestris
Crack Willow - Salix fragilis
Creeping Thistle - Cirsium arvense
Creeping Thyme - Thymus praecox
Cross-leaved Heath - Erica tetralix
Curled Dock - Rumex crispus
Dame’s Violet - Hesperis matronalis
Damson - Prunus interstita
Dandelion - Taraxacum officinale agg.
Dark Mullein - Verbascum nigrum
Deadly Nightshade - Solanum nigra
Devil’s-bit Scabious - Succisa pratensis
Dewberry - Rubus caesus
docks - Rumex spp.
Dog Rose - Rosa canina
Dog Violet - Viola canina
Dogwood - Cornus sanguinea
Domestic Apple - Malus domesticus
Downy Birch - Betula pubescens
Dropwort - Filipendula vulgaris
duckweeds - Lemna spp.
Dwarf Gorse - Ulex minor
Dyer’s Greenweed - Genista tinctoria
Eared Sallow - Salix aurita
Elder - Sambucus nigra
elm - Ulmus spp.
Enchanter’s Nightshade - Circaea lutetiana
English Elm - Ulmus procera
English Oak - Quercus robur
False-brome - Brachypodium sylvaticum
fescues - Festuca spp.
Field Bindweed - Calystegia sepium
Field Maple - Acer campestre
Field Milk-thistle - Sonchus arvensis
Field Mouse-ear Chickweed - Cerastium arvense
Field Scabious - Knautia arvensis
Field Southernwood - Artemisia campestris
Field Speedwell - Veronica officinalis
Field Woodrush - Luzula campestris
fir - Abies sp.
Fleabane - Pulicaria dysenterica
Fool’s Watercress - Apium nodiflorum
Foxglove - Digitalis purpurea
French Bean - Phaseolus vulgaris
Gallingale - Cyperus longus
Garden Barberry - Berberis vulgaris
Garden Blackcurrant - Ribes nigrum
Garden Hollyhock - Alcea rosea
Garden Lettuce - Lactuca sativa
Garden Mint - Mentha spicata
Gentian - Gentiana spp.
Germander Speedwell - Veronica chamaedrys
Giant Bellflower - Campanula latifolia
Gipsy-wort - Lycopus europeus
Goat Willow - Salix caprea
Golden Rod - Solidago virgaurea
Golden Samphire - Inula crithmoides
Gooseberry - Ribes uva-crispa
goosefoots - Chenopodium spp.
Gorse - Ulex europaeus
Great Burdock - Arctium lappa
Great Lettuce - Lactuca virosa
Great Mullein - Verbascum thapsus
Great Pond-sedge - Carex riparia
Great Sallow - Salix caprea
Great Willow-herb - Epilobium hirsutum
Greater Bindweed - Calystegia sepium
Greater Bird’s-foot Trefoil - Lotus uliginosus
Greater Knapweed - Centaurea scabiosa
Greater Reedmace - Typha latifolia
Greater Stitchwort - Stellaria holostea
Grey Alder - Alnus incana
Grey Poplar - Populus canescens
Grey Willow - Salix cinerea
Ground Elder - Aegopodium podagraria
Ground Ivy - Glechoma hederacea
Groundsel - Senecio vulgaris
Guelder Rose - Viburnum opulus
Hairy Violet - Viola hirta
Hairy Willow-herb - Epilobium hirsutum
Hard Rush - Juncus inflexus
Hardheads - Centaurea nigra
Hart’s-tongue Fern - Phyllitis scolopendrium
hawk’s-beards - Crepis spp.
Hawkweed Ox-tongue - Picris hieracioides
hawkweeds - Hieracium spp.
hawthorn - Crataegus species
Hazel - Corylus avellana
Heath - Erica sp.
Heath Milkwort - Polygala serpyllifolia
Heather - Calluna vulgaris
Hedge Garlic - Alliaria petiolata
Hedge Woundwort - Stachys sylvatica
Hemlock - Conium maculatum
Hemp Agrimony - Eupatorium cannabinum
hemp-nettles - Galeopsis spp.
Herb Bennet - Geum urbanum
Himalayan Honeysuckle - Leycesteria formosa
Hoary Pepperwort - Cardaria draba
Hoary Rock Rose - Helianthemum oelandicum
Hogweed - Heracleum sphondylium
Holly - Ilex aquifolium
Holm Oak - Quercus ilex
Honeysuckle - Lonicera periclymenum
Hop - Humulus lupulus
Hornbeam - Carpinus betulus
Horse Chestnut - Aesculus hippocastanum
Horse-shoe Vetch - Hippocrepis comosa
Ice Plant - Sedum spectabile
Iris - Iris spp.
Italian Alder - Alnus cordata
Ivy - Hedera helix
Jointed Rush - Juncus articulatus
Juniper - Juniperus communis
Kidney Vetch - Anthyllis vulneraria
knapweeds - Centaurea spp.
Laburnum - Laburnum anagyroides
Lady’s Smock - Cardamine Pratensis
Larch - Larix decidua
Large Bird’s-foot trefoil - Lotus uliginosus
Lawson’s Cypress - Chamaecyparis lawsoniana
Lawson’s Cypress - Chamaecyparis lawsonii
Leek - Allium ampeloprasum
Lemon Geranium - Pelargonium crispum
Lesser Knapweed - Centaurea nigra
Lesser Pond Sedge - Carex acutiformis
Lesser Reedmace - Typha angustifolia
Lesser Skull-cap - Scutellaria minor
Lesser Stitchwort - Stellaria graminea
Leyland Cypress - Chamaecyparis leylandii
Lilac - Syringa vulgaris
lime - Tilia spp.
Lime, Street - Tilia X -  europaea
Loganberry - Rubus X - loganbaccus
Lombardy Poplar - Populus nigra - italica
Lousewort - Pedicularis sylvatica
Lupin - Lupinus polyphyllus
Male Fern - Dryopteris filix-mas
Mallow - Malva spp.
marigold - Calendula sp.
Marjoram - Origanum vulgare
Marsh Thistle - Cirsium palustre
Marsh Valerian - Valeriana dioica
Marsh Woundwort - Stachys palustris
Meadow Vetchling - Lathyrus pratensis
Meadowsweet - Filipendula ulmaria
melilots - Melilotus spp.
Midland Hawthorn - Crataegus laevigata
Mint, Corn - Mentha arvensis
Mint, Garden - Mentha spicata
Mint, Water - Mentha aquatica
mints - Mentha spp.
Monkshood - Aconitum nepellum
Mouse-ear Hawkweed - Hieracium pilosella
mouse-ears - Cerastium spp.
Mugwort - Artemisia vulgare
Mullein, Common - Verbascum thapsus
Mullein, Dark - Verbascum nigrum
Mullein, Great - Verbascum thapsus
Mung Bean - Phaseolus aureus
Musk Thistle - Carduus nutans
Nettle-leaved Bellflower - Campanula trachelium
Norway Maple - Acer platanoides
Norway Spruce - Picea abies
Nottingham Catchfly - Silene nutans
oak - Quercus species
oraches - Atriplex spp.
Orange Balsam - Impatiens capensis3
ornamental cherry - Prunus sp.
Orpine - Sedum telephium
Osier - Salix viminalis
Ox-eye Daisy - Leucanthemum vulgare
Oxford Ragwort - Senecio squalida
pea - Pisum sativum
Pear - Pyrus communis
Perennial Sow-thistle - Sonchus arvensis
Perforate St John’s-wort - Hypericum perforatum
Petty Whin - Genista anglica
Pignut - Conopodium majus
pine - Pinus spp.
plantains - Plantago spp.
Ploughman’s Spikenard - Inula conyza
Plum - Prunus domesticus
Pomegranate - Punica granatum
poplar - Populus species
Poplar, Grey - Populus canescens
Prickly Lettuce - Lactuca serriola
privet - Ligustrum spp.
Purple Toadflax - Linaria purpurea
quince - Cydonia spp.
Ragwort, Common - Senecio jacobaea
Ragwort, Oxford - Senecio squalida
Raspberry - Rubus idaeus
Rat-tail Plantain - Plantago major
Red Bartsia - Odontites verna
Red Campion - Silene dioica
Red Centaury - Centaurium erythraea
Red Clover - Trifolium pratense
Red Valerian - Centranthus ruber
Redcurrant - Ribes rubrum
Reed - Phragmites australis
Reed Canary-grass - Phalaris canariensis
Reed Sweet-grass - Glyceria maxima
Reed-grass - Phalaris arundinacea
restharrow - Ononis spp.
Ribbon Grass - Phalaris arundinacea
Ribwort Plantain - Plantago lanceolata
rock rose - Helianthemum spp.
rose - Rosa spp.
Rosebay Willow-herb - Chamaenerion angustifolium
Rough Chervil - Chaerophyllum temulentum
Rough Meadow Grass - Poa trivialis
Rowan - Sorbus aucupariae
Rugose Rose - Rosa rugosa
rushes - Juncus spp.
Sallow, Common - Salix cinerea
sallows round-leaved species of - Salix
Saw Sedge - Cladium mariscus
Saw-wort - Serratula tinctoria
Scabious, Devil’s-bit - Succisa pratensis
Scabious, Small - Scabiosa columbaria
Scentless Mayweed - Tripleurospermum inodorum
Scots Pine - Pinus sylvestris
Sea Campion - Silene maritima
Sea Lavender - Limonium vulgare
Sea Rocket - Cakile maritima
Sea Wormwood - Artemisia maritima
sedges - Carex spp.
Sessile Oak - Quercus petraea
Sharp-flowered Rush - Juncus acutiflorus
Sheep’s Sorrel - Rumex acetosella
Shepherd’s-purse - Capsella bursa-pastoris
Silver Birch - Betula pendula
Silver Fir - Abies alba
Sitka Spruce - Picea sitchensis
Skullcap, Common - Scutellaria galericulata
Slender Bird’s-foot trefoil - Lotus tenuis
Sloe - Prunus spinosa
Small Balsam - Impatiens parviflora
Small Scabious - Scabiosa columbaria
Sneezewort - Achillea ptarmica
Snowberry - Symphoricarpos rivularis
Soft Rush - Juncus effusus
sorrel - Rumex spp.
Sour Cherry - Prunus cerasus
Sow Thistle - Sonchus species
Spear Thistle - Cirsium vulgare
Spearmint - Mentha spicata
Spinach - Spinacia oleracea
Spindle - Euonymus europaeus
Spiny Restharrow - Ononis spinosa
spruce - Picea spp.
Square-stemmed Willow-herb - Epilobium tetragonum
St John’s-wort - Hypericum spp.
Stinging Nettle - Urtica dioica
Stinking Mayweed - Anthemis cotula
stitchworts - Stellaria spp.
stonecrops - Sedum spp - .
Strawberry - Fragaria vesca
Strawberry, Barren - Potentilla sterilis
Street Lime - Tilia X - platyphyllos
Striped Ribbon Grass - Phalaris arundinacea
Sweet Chestnut - Castanea sativa
Sweet Vernal Grass - Anthoxanthum odoratum
Sweet William - Dianthus barbatus
Sycamore - Acer pseudoplatanus
Tall Fescue - Festuca arundinacea
Tamarisk - Tamarix gallica
Tansy - Chrysanthemum vulgare
Teasel - Dipsacus fullonum
thistles - Cirsium spp.
Thrift - Armeria maritima
Thyme, Wild - Thymus drucei
Tomato - Lycopersicum esculentum
Tormentil, Common - Potentilla erecta
Travellers Joy - Clematis vitalba
Tree Mallow - Lavatera arborea
Tufted Hair-grass - Deschampsia cespitosa
Upright Brome - Bromus erectus
vetches - Viccia spp.
water dropworts - Oenanthe spp.
Water Mint - Mentha aquatica
Wayfaring Tree - Viburnum lantana
Weeping Willow - Salix babylonica
White Bryony - Bryonia dioica
White Campion - Silene alba
White clover - Trifolium repens
White Horehound - Marrubium vulgare
White Mullein - Verbascum thapsus
White Poplar - Populus alba
White Willow - Salix alba
Whitebeam - Sorbus aria
Whitebeam - Sorbus aria
Wild Angelica - Angelica sylvestris
Wild Basil - Clinopodium vulgare
Wild Carrot - Daucus carota
Wild Cherry - Prunus avium
Wild Currant - Ribes sp.
Wild Honeysuckle - Lonicera periclymenum
Wild Parsnip - Pastinaca sativa
Wild Service - Sorbus torminalis
Wild Thyme - Thymus drucei
willows long-leaved species of - Salix
Winter Cress - Barbarea vulgaris
Wood Meadow-grass - Poa nemoralis
Wood Sage - Teucrium scorodonia
Wood Small-reed - Calamagrostis epigejos
Wood Spurge - Euphorbia amygdaloides
woodrush - Luzula spp.
Woody Nightshade - Solanum dulcamara
Wormwood - Artemisia absinthium
woundworts - Stachys spp.
Wych Elm - Ulmus glabra
Yarrow - Achillea millefolium
Yellow Water-lily - Nuphar lutea
Yellow-rattle - Rhinanthus minor
Yellow-wort - Blackstonia perforata
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